Middle East & North Africa
World Climate and Security Report 2020
The Syrian Desert Hawks: flying no more
The Desert Hawks were a pro-Assad paramilitary group of 5,000 - 12,000 fighters that fought in the Syrian civil war between 2014 - 2017. Its postmortem highlights how the politics of coercion and the economics of loyalty can link in a wartime autocracy. Having amassed their fortune and influence in Syria before 2011 as part of the patronage systems of the Assad family, the brothers Mohammad, Ayman and Ibrahim Jaber created the Desert Hawks when wartime manpower shortages threatened regime survival.
Events
Security and Defence
Nienke van Heukelingen works at Clingendael’s EU & Global Affairs Unit. In her capacity as Research Fellow, Nienke’s work primarily revolves around EU-Turkey relations as well as Turkey’s role and impact in its region. Nienke has published various policy briefs, reports, and alerts and regularly contributes to various national media (Radio 1, BNR, NOS).
My work
Publications
A new formula for collaboration: Turkey, the EU & North Africa
Events
Event: A new formula for collaboration- Turkey, EU & North Africa
Events
Security and Defence